Dr. Leland Clark, inventor of the platinum "Clark electrodes" used to detect oxygen in liquid (and allows measurement of blood oxygen levels) also did this famous experiment in "liquid breathing":
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Dr. Leland Clark, inventor of the platinum "Clark electrodes" used to detect oxygen in liquid (and allows measurement of blood oxygen levels) also did this famous experiment in "liquid breathing":
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And they were not causing the rat any pain.
Don't refute brilliant experiments done in the name of science simply because you have the means to, please.