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When Did Humans First Start Drinking Milk?

By John Farrier in Food & Drinks, Science & Tech on Oct 9, 2009 at 1:24 pm


At the blog Food & Think, Amanda Bensen asks “Have you ever stopped to think about how strange it is that we drink the breast milk of another species?” She did some research on the history of milk drinking and found that it can be traced back to 7,500 years ago in Central Europe and the Balkans. From a press release by researchers at University College, London:

The ability to digest the milk sugar lactose first evolved in dairy farming communities in central Europe, not in more northern groups as was previously thought, finds a new study led by UCL (University College London) scientists published in the journal PLoS Computational Biology. The genetic change that enabled early Europeans to drink milk without getting sick has been mapped to dairying farmers who lived around 7,500 years ago in a region between the central Balkans and central Europe. Previously, it was thought that natural selection favoured milk drinkers only in more northern regions because of their greater need for vitamin D in their diet. People living in most parts of the world make vitamin D when sunlight hits the skin, but in northern latitudes there isn’t enough sunlight to do this for most of the year.

In the collaborative study, the team used a computer simulation model to explore the spread of lactase persistence, dairy farming, other food gathering practices and genes in Europe. The model integrated genetic and archaeological data using newly developed statistical approaches.

Link via Food & Think | Image: U.S. Department of Agriculture


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COMMENT
  1. elizabeth
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 2:07 pm

    My boyfriend often asks why we don't drink pig's milk. We eat the meat from a pig, and we drink cow and goat milk. I never have an answer for him.

  2. Foreigner1
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 2:34 pm

    So I'm really a throwback to some 7.500 years or more ago- I'm intolerant of the stuff...

  3. Eric Plourde
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 2:35 pm

    elizabeth: because pigs don't produce milk. Sows do. =D
    Seriously though, there is mare, ewe, cow, goat and camel milk drunk and eaten all over the world, but their udders are easy of access, whereas a sow are not. Plus pigs have long been considered filthy animals in many cultures, so another obstacle to sow milk right there.

    ... i wonder what elephant or whale milk taste like...

  4. TerraIncognita
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 3:53 pm

    Humans started drinking milk when they started to be fed by mom's milk, which by the way, it's not lactose-free.

  5. mad hatter girl
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 4:26 pm

    I'm going to phrase Ms. Bensen's question a bit differently:

    "I wonder who first looked at a cow and said, 'I'm gonna see what happens when I pull this thing that is on the underside of this animal and drink whatever squirts outta it....'." =D =D =D

  6. A
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 6:28 pm

    Suck on that, PETA!

  7. valves manufacturer
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 8:14 pm

    7500 years ago, it's looks very interesting.

  8. Katey
    Oct 9th, 2009 at 10:00 pm

    It's really not so bad when you think that there are some obscure cultures still that drink the blood of their horses to survive when travelling... :P

  9. Ali S.
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 1:25 am

    My guess is somebody had some ancient cookies and needed something to go down smoothly with it.

  10. meg
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 2:33 am

    Whale milk would taste like...well, something like meaty lard in water. It's about 1/3 fat, and has a ridiculously high protein percentage as well. About 50% solids.

    I don't know if that or gray seal milk would be worse...gray seal is over half fat and I think 70% solids. Blech.

  11. meg
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 2:39 am

    Also, unless you have very specialized pumps, you can't easily milk any litter-bearing species. Just not enough milk out of each teat!

    Young drinking milk is a mammalian trait, adults drinking milk (much less that of another species) is exclusively human. Almost all older animals become lactose intolerant to some degree, and humans likely were universally not exempt from that rule until 7500ish years ago. Now it's just far eastern and other non-dairy-consuming cultures (and people) that tend to develop lactose intolerance on a large scale.

    (I'm a Dairy Science major who's studying for a Lactation exam right now. do excuse me :/)

  12. eli
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 11:50 am

    I'm currently writing my thesis on vitamin D and hearing that milk is a natural source of vitamin D is a shock. Milk is not a natural source of vitamin D. Fatty fish and some mushrooms are the only natural sources of vitamin D. I would love to see the citation on this research article...

    http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamind.asp

  13. andiscandis
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 2:24 pm

    Thanks for posting this. My husband decided a few weeks ago that people have only been drinking milk for like 500 years and he's been telling people that non-stop. I tried to set him straight, but I had no evidence. Until now....

  14. Lady Helena Handbasket
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 2:34 pm

    Well, Aniscandis, you could have referred him to the many references to milk in the Bible (2000+ years old)

  15. Ajan
    Oct 10th, 2009 at 8:54 pm

    Nice Coincidence!! I was having milk while reading this.. :D

  16. Foreigner1
    Oct 11th, 2009 at 2:15 am

    Europeans stay babies well after they are not anymore.

    :-D

  17. lucas
    Oct 12th, 2009 at 3:44 am

    This is why white people smell like dairy.

  18. captbill98
    Oct 12th, 2009 at 4:50 am

    They started drinking milk when they realized how nice a container it came in...

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