Memories of Murder: Ensemble Staging

Master filmmakers do more than tell a story. They craft an entire experience for the viewer, which means manipulating every detail in a way that leads you through the drama.  

How do you emphasize to the audience that something is important? Well, you could always cut to a close-up, but how about something subtler? Today I consider ensemble staging — a style of filmmaking that directs the audience exactly where to look, without ever seeming to do so at all.

(YouTube link)

Tony Zhou explains the intricacies of ensemble staging in another episode of the fascinating series Every Frame a Painting, using the 2003 South Korean crime-drama Memories of Murder. I had never heard of the movie, but now I want to see it. -via Digg

See more from the series Every Frame a Painting.


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I especially liked the mention of eye position. That is, how the movement of the actor's eye draws the audience attention to a direction on the frame. Humans are very aware of what their neighbors are looking at. We are involuntarily drawn to move our attention when someone's eyes show movement.

The strength of this reflex is almost uniquely strong in humans. Human eyes have a large amount of the sclera (the 'whites' of our eyes) visible, unlike pretty much all other animals with complex eyes. Humans communicate in part by using eye position or gaze direction in a way that is not found in other creatures. Using this in cinematic direction is sadly neglected. It is, however, found in extreme closeup frames in comics and graphic novels.
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