Octopuses Using Coconut Shells As Shelters

By John Farrier in Animals & Pets on Dec 14, 2009 at 7:04 pm

Biologist Mark Norman found octopuses (octopi?) off the coast of Indonesia that use split open coconut shells as hiding places. This is the first known tool use by an invertebrate animal:

An octopus would dig up the two halves of a coconut shell, then use them as protective shielding when stopping in exposed areas or when resting in sediment.

This, on its own, astonished the team. Then they noticed that the octopuses, after using the coconut shells, would arrange them neatly below the centers of their bodies and “walk” around with the shells—awkwardly.

It’s uncertain whether these were African or European coconuts. Video at the link.

Link | Photo: Roger Steene


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  1. chthulhu
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 7:06 pm

    The plural of “octopus” is “octopodes.”

  2. Natey
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 7:44 pm

    First known tool use by an invertebrate animal? Surely hermit crabs count.

    Also, the plural of “octopus” is BOTH “octopuses” and “octopodes.” The former is much more common here in the U.S. (and possibly the U.K.?).

  3. Gauldar
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 8:00 pm

    PHEAR TEH OCTO-POD!

  4. chthulhu
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 9:17 pm

    “Octopodes” is correct; “octopuses” is acceptable as an alternative. :-)

  5. PJ
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 9:22 pm

    So what is the underwater velocity of an unladen octopus?

  6. Gauldar
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 9:25 pm

    @PJ

    African or European?

  7. Minnesotastan
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 10:06 pm

    Very interesting video. There is at least one report of similar tool use by an octopus back in 2007 -

    http://radthoughts.com/2007/02/01/octopus-tool-use/

  8. Wellin Fact
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 10:35 pm

    Do the octopodes make horse galloping noises with the coconut shells to scare predators.

  9. DanielleRiorda
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 11:03 pm

    I did research on octopus behavior and intelligence, and I found this along the way, really interesting stuff! These suckers (pun) don’t get enough credit for their curious mind.

  10. Mike
    Dec 14th, 2009 at 11:17 pm

    @Wellin- Only for french predators with outrageous accents

    I agree with Natey, hermit crabs have been using our trash for shelter for a while now. Octopodesuseseses are much more interesting than hermit crabs though.

  11. df
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 12:05 am

    Octopodes, octopuses…

    THERE A FRIGGIN’ OCTOPUS IN A COCONUT SHELL, PEOPLE!

  12. Natey
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 1:04 am

    I agree with you guys, cephalopods rock! They really are amazing, problem-solving squish monsters.

    They’re such smart, curious creatures but they only live for about a year on average. Imagine if they had even half our life span!

  13. Tim Giachetti
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 1:53 am

    Lucy VanOctopode:

    “The doctor is in”

  14. Aron
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 1:54 am

    Goodness, have we already forgotten all of the previous examples of octopus intelligence? What strange and remarkable creatures. I almost regret that before my prom I had seafood stew with octopus.

    Almost.

  15. Gustav
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 2:15 am

    Lol! African or European :D . What is your favourite color?!

  16. murt
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 5:16 am

    This isn’t surprising as Octupuses are capable of opening jars and expert escape artists.

  17. Aaron
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 7:57 am

    Are animals developing at an exponentially faster rate than was previously thought? Will the humble octopus join his animal brethren and attempt to overthrow humanity??

    If they learn to use the internet, we’re done for

  18. pyrit
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 9:25 am

    There’s something fishy about this pina colada.

  19. msr
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 9:27 am

    I, for one, welcome our new octopus overlords.

  20. planettom
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 10:00 am

    I always think of that (maybe apocryphal) tale of the guy with the pet octopus, who has a feeder fish tank on the other side of the room. He chastises his roommate for feeding the octopus too often, since the feeder fish are decreasing. “I’m not feeding the octopus!” his roommate protests. Finally, he stakes out the room and notices the wet sucker marks on floor. Octopus has been opening its tank, climbing down, squelching the ten feet to the other tank, opening that latch, taking a fish, going back to its own tank.

  21. Miss Cellania
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 10:49 am

    We’ve had some really good octopus stories here, like the one who loved his Mr. Potato head, the one that shot out the lights, and those that play with rubik’s cubes.

    http://www.neatorama.com/2008/01/11/octopus-loves-his-mr-potato-head/

    http://www.neatorama.com/2008/11/10/ottos-big-adventure/

    http://www.neatorama.com/2008/07/08/octopuses-play-with-rubiks-cubes/

  22. namowal
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 11:43 am

    “They really are amazing, problem-solving squish monsters.” – Natey put it pefectly.

    Watching that film is a trip. It’s funny seeing such an alien creature doing something almost human- sneaking around with his stealth shell, hiding in it, and looking to see if the coast is clear.

  23. Natey
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 11:44 am

    That octopus playing with a Mr. Potato Head is adorable!

  24. LisaL
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 1:13 pm

    Yay! I love octopuses :D Wish we had the money for a salt water aquarium and find some place that sold the little bitty ones. Too bad they don’t live for very long though :(

  25. prophead
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 1:56 pm

    I call shenanigans. I’m a diver and I’ve been observing and photographing this behavior for years, it’s not rare at all.

  26. LisaL
    Dec 15th, 2009 at 4:27 pm

    I remember seeing a show on octopus on PBS that showed these wee little ones doing this in erm.. some area that I forgot. It was this big open area w/ nowhere to hide so they used whatever they could find. Some dragged along bottles and hid in them.

  27. Mercutio Stencil
    Dec 16th, 2009 at 5:45 am

    It seems to me that not only are the octopodes smart enough to use tools, but they are smart enough to develop the classic Freudian malady, Shell Envy. As a mollusc, at one point in their life history they had a shell, but it has receded into nothingness. Ashamed of their lack, they must make due with artificial substitutes.

  28. Zaulankris
    Jan 6th, 2010 at 2:56 pm

    How is this different from hermit crabs and coconut crabs? Is the difference that an octopus is squishy and cuter than this http://blog.rifftrax.com/wp-content/photos/coconut_crab.jpg ? (Please note: coconut crabs have outgrown their coconut-wearing stage by the time they are that big)


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