The Most Polluted Cities in the United States

Yay for Los Angeles! The City of Angels no longer holds the dubious title of the Sootiest City in the United States. That honor is now held by Pittsburgh (though LA is still the most polluted other measures).

The American Lung Association's State of The Air 2008 report ranked metropolitan areas according to their ozone, year round and short-term particle pollution (Data [PDF])

The most polluted cities, according to the short-term particle pollution measure are:

1. Pittsburgh - New Castle, PA
2. Los Angeles - Long Beach - Riverside, CA
3. Fresno - Madera, CA
4. Bakersfield, CA
5. Birmingham - Hoover - Cullman, AL
6. Logan, UT - ID
7. Salt Lake City - Ogden - Clearfield, UT
8. Sacramento - Arden - Arcade - Yuba City, CA - NV
9. Detroit - Warren - Flint, MI
10. Washington - Baltimore - Northern Virginia, DC - MD - VA - WV

The most polluted cities, by year-round particle pollution:

1. Los Angeles - Long Beach - Riverside, CA
2. Pittsburgh - New Castle, PA
3. Bakersfield, CA
4. Birmingham - Hoover - Cullman, AL
5. Visalia - Porterville, CA
6. Atlanta - Sandy Springs - Gainesville, GA - AL
7. Cincinnati - Middletown - Wilmington, OH - KY - IN
8. Fresno - Madera, CA
8. Hanford - Corcoran, CA
8. Detroit - Warren - Flint, MI
8. Cleveland - Akron - Elyria, OH

The most polluted cities, by ozone pollution:

1. Los Angeles - Long Beach - Riverside, CA
2. Bakersfield, CA
3. Visalia - Porterville, CA
4. Houston - Baytown - Huntsville, TX
5. Fresno - Madera, CA
6. Sacramento - Arden - Arcade - Yuba City, CA - NV
7. Dallas - Fort Worth, TX
8. New York - Newark - Bridgeport, NY - NJ - CT - PA
9. Washington - Baltimore - Northern Virginia, DC - MD - VA - WV
10. Baton Rouge - Pierre Part, LA

I find it amazing that for all its environmental-consciousness, California leads the nation in having the most polluted cities.

Link - Thanks MoonCake!


Ah, yes, the infamous reports that Pittsburgh is the sootiest city. Quite surprising when you actually live here and see very little in the way of smog downtown.

The State of the Air report, if I recall correctly, is comprised of readings from an array of air sensors in the area, and the highest measurement dictates the city's pollution level. One of the Pittsburgh area sensors is in a valley with the largest coke works in the nation in Clairton (~15mi SE of the city). Hardly representative of the city, but it gets lumped in with us.
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Cali being the most polluted is what lead them to starting up all their eco-friendly laws. kind of like the american mentality: don't do anything until things get really bad.
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I can vouch for the SLC rating. In fact, we should be on the top of the list. Mostly its from all the cars due to the absence of any sort of public transit system. The fact that the little public transit we do have runs entirely on diesel doesn't help. During the winter we have a cold inversion where, because SLC is in a mountain valley, the cold air settles into the bowl and warmer air passes overhead. Because of this, all the smog fills up into the valley and gets really unhealthy. It takes a natural wind storm to clear it out and break the inversion that can sometimes last 3 weeks or so. Ick.
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Even in the early 80's when I was a kid the smog was terrible. I remember some days the air in Los Angeles was so bad you couldn't see across the street. My lungs would hurt when I took a deep breath after playing outside all afternoon. L.A. has been progressively turning into a deeper shit hole year by year. I'm glad I don't live there anymore.
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Let's also remember that CA has 1/8 of the US population. (Just under 38 million people in CA) That's a lot of people's pollution concentrated into one state. Of course there will be problems. Just imagine how much worse it would be if CA didn't have so many commuter lanes, public transit light and heavy rail, and low or zero emission fleet vehicles.
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I found Carson's comment about Pittsburgh interesting. I live in the DC area, but grew up in Pittsburgh, and have noticed much worse pollution in the DC area. I'm not surprised to hear there is a bias in the Pittsburgh measurement based on geography.
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Several of the large pollution areas in CA are in the central valley - a huge agriculture center. You have all the pollution from food production and processing, all the tractors and crop dusters, all the animal waste, all the pollen, all the pesticides, and to top it off, it's nestled in a valley, so the mountains tend to keep the pollution trapped.
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Could we have a list of the cleanest cities too?
Or perhaps a list of the cleanest cities near these crappy cities? There is a lot to do in LA, but if the cleanest town is Podunk City, MI, I'd rather have the dirty lungs.
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I live in Visalia (No. 5 on list two and No. 3 on list three), which is between Fresno (No. 3 on list one, No. 8 on list two and No. 5 on list three) and Bakersfield (No. 4 on list one, No. 3 on list two and No. 2 on list three), and I need to correct a misconception:

The reason the air is so bad here is because the San Joaquin Valley is bounded by the Sierra Nevada on the east and the El Diablos on the west, and they meet in the south, basically forming a very deep basin that is the world's largest valley. When the valley floor heats up an inversion layer forms and the air that's here is trapped. It's not that we're creating more pollution than the rest of you, it's that your pollution is spread to the rest of the world while we have to live in our own filth.
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I took a class at CSU Fresno from a prof who's specialty was air pollution last year. Not only is the San Joaquin Valley holding in the pollution that is generated here in the central valley, but at the northern end of the valley is...the San Fransisco Bay area. All the pollution generated by San Fransisco, Oakland, Richmond, Berkley, etc. all gets swept into the valley by southerly winds. Also, you must consider the size of the Californian economy.

1. The economy of California is a dominant force in the economy of the United States, with California paying more to the federal system than it receives in direct monetary benefits

2. California is the world's fifth largest supplier of food and agriculture commodities.

3. California is responsible for 13% of the United States' gross domestic product (more than any other single state).

4. California has between the 7th and 10th largest economy IN THE WORLD.

It's no wonder California struggles with pollution and why we're at the forefront of trying to decrease it not only in our state, but across the nation.

Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_California
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i remember learning in school that the air turnover rate for the San Jouaquin Valley was something along the lines of every 300 years. meaning it takes that long for the air in the valley to be replaced so it's a scary thought. i grew up there and although my NYC allergies are pretty effed up i can barely breathe when i visit my family there. all the factors mentioned above by others lead to a pretty lethal combo. the cities mentioned here are all also relatively small and far apart. Fresno, the largest, has a population of less than 500,000 and Visalia less than 120,000. these cities are also fairly spread out with lots of green space within city limits. it's the agricultural production that causes the high particle and ozone counts combined with the inversion layer and low air turnover rate.
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A few readers astutely pointed out that California is big (in terms of economy and population). While that's true, Fresno and Bakersfield aren't exactly big cities - yet they rank in the top 10 of most polluted cities in the US.

I think MightyCow has a good point: the particular geography of these areas may contribute to their high level of pollution.

I'm not clear, however, why agriculture is a bad polluter - I thought that manufacturing would be the main culprit.
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Oddly, my city is not on here. Sure, we've only 250 people, and we are out numbered by cows, but when the wind blows the smell of the city lagoon into the yard, I'm sure we beat all these other cities in terms of pollution.
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To refute your point about California needing to clean up its act... We're trying...

"Toyota, General Motors and seven other automakers filed suit on Tuesday to block California's new greenhouse gas regulation, which was approved by the state in its final form in September."

...but other interests are successful in shutting us down.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Killed_the_Electric_Car%3F
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Woohoo! We're number 4!
And 3!
And 2!

No wonder I can't breathe well. T_T
I knew it was bad, but geez. And it gets HOT here, too. Hello sweltering heat and lack of usable oxygen!
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As noted, pollution in CA is the reason for all the stringent environmental laws in the state.

Anybody who lived in L.A. 25 years ago can attest to the kind pollution it had. What's remarkable today is that there's less pollution, more population and automobiles than ever, and continuing high and diverse levels of industry.

The Central Valley areas (Bakersfield, Fresno, Porterville, Visalia, etc) seem to suffer from high levels of things like plain old dust from agriculture. Not to mention the more obnoxious like animal wastes, fertilizer runoff and such. In addition, there's also significant oil pumping/drilling/refining in the area. Geography makes all those things worse.
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Since it's missing, I'd really like to know why St. Louis gets 20% ethanol fuel all summer, pushing prices past $4 a gallon(already!) and making gas mileage drop to nothing...they say it's because we're one of the most polluted cities in the US...I smell political BS.
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I have to tell you the truth about L.A. though. When I lived there I had this old freakin wrecked hoopty Ford Fairmont. This things would not pass smog (unless I paid the Vietnamese 50 bucks)..

So the state of California bought that piece of crap for 1000.00 from me so I wouldn't have it on the streets anymore.. Only rule, car gots to run and can't pass smog.
now that was pretty sweet.
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Another voice from California here. When I was in high school in the late fifties, the smog was so bad that going into the pool gave us such a double whammy of smog and chlorine many of us got sick. Terrible headaches were common. We lived east of LA, and the prevailing winds blew all the smog our way, where it made its home, held by the surrounding hills. Just some more history to show why we work so hard to clean things up. After all, you can't beat the climate, scenery, etc.
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The point about California doesn't take into account population size and density.

It would be interesting to see the above figures overlaid with population densities in the other cities. Pittsburg doesn't even rank in the 50 largest cities in the US, yet is #1 in pollution. Doesn't that say something?
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I grew up in the Central Valley between Bakersfield and Fresno. The area I grew up in is mostly miles of orange trees, vineyards, peaches, plums, alfalfa fields and nut trees. Doesn't sound like the sort of place that would be that bad, right? The air quality has become amazingly bad, as other local commentors have explained. The number of children with asthma is nearly the worst in the US.

My science teacher in high school mentioned to me one day that he "had been able to see the mountains on both sides of the valley" in years previous before the air quality had become bad in his opinion. This was 25 years ago. Now you're lucky to be able to see some of the Sierra range on a good day from Visalia, which isn't that far away. Things have gotten much worse there in a fairly short amount of time, relatively speaking.

In the housing and building frenzy of the past several years, many large production dairies have relocated to the San Joaquin Valley from pricier regions like LA, adding to the number that were already there. This isn't helping matters, nor is the increased number of vehicles and traffic along the highways in recent years with the increase in population and housing. Burning regulations have been put into place. Several groups are pointing fingers at each other while things continue to get worse.

Most people don't realize how much of our food and produce comes from the SJV. It really is amazing what can be grown there. I find it more than a little scary to think what the future may hold for that area if the problems there continue to grow at the rate they have been.
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Don't be stupid people, CA is so polluted because of our MASSIVE population. Cali has over 36,000,000 people! Roughly 10% of the population of the U.S. This is why we have so many laws, because we have to! It's not because we're worse polluters than you ...
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I think the subway system in Los Angeles should be 3x the size it is right now. Who wants to spend 2 hours stuck in a traffic jam when there is a car accident. Get with it Los Angeles!
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POLLUTION TO THE OROYA CITY PERÚ
The years 2006 and 2007 the Blacksmith Institute have accomplished a research about the cities more contaminated to the world and arrived to the conclusion that the Oroya city was between the 10 cities more polluted of the world and, the environment Graffiti 2008 said that is between five more pollute too to the world. This qualifications are benevolents; according to my researchs to many years who I am publishing, the Oroya city is the most polluted to Peru, Latin America and of the world and every day is being more polluted: lead in blood in children in the Ancient Oroya in average 53.7 ug/dl ( DIGESA 1999); pregnancies women 39.49 ig/dl ( UNES 2000), new borns children 19.06 ug/dl, puerperal 319 ug/100 grams/placenta ( Castro 2003) and workers 50 ug/dl ( Doe Run 2003).Top lead in blood accepted 10 ug/dl; present day is 0 ug/dl ( Pediatric of Academy to USA)
When the Oroya city was in hands to the CentroMin eliminated only by the upper chimney to 167.500 meters, in average by day in tons: sulfur dioxide 1000, lead 2500, arsenic 2500, cadmium 40, particulate matter 50 and so on, more 24,000 to toxis gas product to the incomplete combustion of the coal, without count it is eliminated by industrial incinerator y by the 97 smalls chimneys, it is estimated 15,000; overall 45,000 tons for day (PAMA . El Complejo Metalúrgico de la Oroya, 1996); other research say that by this chimney only eliminate overall 119¨917,440 tons too every day to a velocity to 8.7 meters by second ( Chuquimantari C. Yauli-La Oroya Minería y Ciudades Empresas Pág. 57, 1992)
Doe Run envoy every three months the concentrations of the heavy metals to the Ministry to the Energy and Mines and with the sames datums Ceverstav have demostrated the pollution was increased; for example the sulfur dioxide it have increased in near to 300 %, by increment to the production (Cederstav. La Oroya no Espera 2002
The American Association to the Environment say that the environmental quality to the Oroya it is serious deteriorated since that Doe Run was owner and the same enterprise
declared that the concentrations of the heavy metals gas is ncreased in the air: lead 1160 %, cadmium 1990 % and arsenic 6006 % (Portugal, et al. Los Humos de Doe Run 2003)
Godofredo Arauzo
godo_ara@hotmail.com
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One thing everyone seems to be forgetting is that HOW the pollution is measured is a HUGE factor as to which cities will make the list and which wont. If you do your research you find all kinds of lists from various colleges and institutions with completely different cities on them which claim to be the most polluted. Some look at ozone, some measure ground and water pollutants, some measure particles in the air, some our own carbon footprint, and some a combination of any one of those! With all of these variables, it is easy for any major city to be on a list at some point. The question is, which list holds the most merit?
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